本習題集是在烏云等主編的《畫法幾何及工程制圖習題集》基礎上修訂而成，與《畫法幾何及工程制圖》（第二版）教材配套使用，主要用于學時少、重基礎圖學課程的教學和參考用書。

本習題集的特點：

● 遵照規范——按照普通高等教育本科國家級規劃教材的標準進行編制；

● 工科專業——適用于水利水電工程、土木工程、給水排水工程、測繪工程、環境工程等相關專業；

● 典型例題——重視畫法幾何基本理論的學習和應用，選擇具有各專業代表性和典型性的基本體投影訓練和綜合應用題，內容力求全面。

本書的編寫人員：內蒙古農業大學烏云、蘇日娜任主編，胡守忠任主審。

參加編寫的人員：內蒙古農業大學郁志宏、穆繼衛、烏云塔娜、王芳等。

由于編者水平所限，本習題集中難免存在錯誤和缺漏，懇請廣大讀者批評指正。

作者

2020 年 6 月

前言
1　制圖基本知識和基本技能 ·················································································································· 1
1-1　長仿宋體、數字、字母和符號練習 ····································································································· 1
1-2　圓的等分、斜度、錐度、橢圓和比例畫法練習 ················································································· 2
1-3　尺規作圖練習Ⅰ——線型練習 ············································································································· 3
1-4　尺規作圖練習Ⅱ——圓弧連接練習 ····································································································· 4
2　投影的基本理論 ································································································································· 5
2-1　根據立體圖的特點分析投影圖，并將對應投影圖的編號填寫在括號中 ········································· 5
2-2　已知物體的軸測圖，了解物體的特征，確定對應的三視圖 ····························································· 6
2-3　讀懂已知物體的三視圖，了解其投影特征，確定對應的軸測圖 ····················································· 7
2-4　已知物體的兩個視圖，想象其空間形體選擇正確的第三視圖 ························································· 8
2-5　已知物體的三視圖，想象其空間形體選擇正確的軸測圖 ································································· 9
3　點、直線、平面的投影 ···················································································································· 10
3-1　點的投影 ··············································································································································· 10
3-2　直線的投影 ··········································································································································· 12
3-3　兩條直線的相對位置 ··························································································································· 14
3-4　平面的投影 ··········································································································································· 16
4　直線、平面的相對位置問題 ············································································································· 18
4-1　平行關系 ··············································································································································· 18
4-2　相交關系 ··············································································································································· 19
4-3　垂直關系 ··············································································································································· 20
4-4　相對位置綜合問題 ······························································································································· 21
5　投影變換 ·········································································································································· 23
5-1　投影變換——換面法 ··························································································································· 23
5-2　投影變換——繞垂直軸旋轉法 ··········································································································· 25
6　基本體的投影 ·································································································································· 27
6-1　平面立體的投影及表面上點的投影 ··································································································· 27
6-2　平面立體的投影及表面上線的投影 ··································································································· 28
6-3　曲面立體的投影及表面上點、線的投影 ··························································································· 29
7　平面、直線與基本立體相交 ············································································································· 30
7-1　平面與平面立體相交 ··························································································································· 30
7-2　平面與回轉體相交 ······························································································································· 32
7-3　直線與立體相交 ··································································································································· 33
8　基本體與基本體相貫 ························································································································ 34
8-1　兩個平面立體相貫 ······························································································································· 34
8-2　平面立體與回轉體相貫 ······················································································································· 35
8-3　兩個回轉體相貫 ··································································································································· 37
8-4　兩個回轉體特殊相貫 ··························································································································· 38
8-5　復合體相貫 ··········································································································································· 40
9　軸測圖 ············································································································································· 41
9-1　已知物體的兩個視圖，畫出其正等軸測圖 ······················································································· 41
9-2　已知物體的兩個視圖，畫出其斜二等軸測圖 ··················································································· 43
9-3　已知物體的兩個視圖，徒手畫出其正等軸測圖 ··············································································· 44
9-4　已知物體的三個視圖，畫出其軸測圖 ······························································································· 45
10　組合體的投影 ································································································································ 47
10-1　按形體分析法分解物體，順序完成三視圖 ····················································································· 47
10-2　已知物體的兩個視圖，順序完成第三視圖，并徒手勾畫軸測圖 ················································· 48
10-3　已知物體的軸測圖及兩個視圖，完成另外一個視圖 ····································································· 50
10-4　已知物體的軸測圖及不完全視圖，試補全漏線 ············································································· 51
10-5　依據物體的立體圖，目測尺寸畫出其三個視圖 ············································································· 52
10-6　已知物體的軸測圖及一個視圖，完成其余兩個視圖 ····································································· 53
10-7　已知物體的兩個視圖，想象其空間形體并完成第三視圖 ····························································· 54
10-8　已知物體的兩個視圖，結合工程形體，完成第三視圖 ································································· 59
10-9　尺寸標注基礎——改正下列圖中不符合國家標準規定的尺寸標注 ············································· 60
10-10　尺寸標注基礎——標注下列常見平面圖形的尺寸 ······································································· 61
10-11　已知物體的軸測圖，順序完成下列組合體三視圖的尺寸標注 ···················································· 62
10-12　已知物體的軸測圖及其三視圖，分析結構特征，標注全部尺寸 ··············································· 63
11　圖樣的畫法 ···································································································································· 64
11-1　全剖視圖畫法 ······································································································································ 64
11-2　半剖視圖畫法 ······································································································································ 65
11-3　局部剖視圖畫法 ·································································································································· 66
11-4　改正下列錯誤畫法 ······························································································································ 67
11-5　階梯剖視圖畫法 ·································································································································· 68
11-6　剖視圖畫法 ·········································································································································· 69
11-7　斷面圖畫法 ·········································································································································· 71
12　標高投影········································································································································ 72
12-1　直線的標高投影 ································································································································· 72
12-2　平面的標高投影 ································································································································· 73
12-3　曲面的標高投影 ································································································································· 74
12-4　地形面的標高投影 ····························································································································· 75
12-5　標高投影在工程中的應用 ················································································································· 76
13　計算機繪圖基礎練習 ······················································································································ 80
13-1　實驗一 精確繪圖練習 ······················································································································· 80
13-2　實驗二 繪制工程圖例練習 ··············································································································· 82
13-3　實驗三 繪制簡單工程形體練習 ······································································································· 84
13-4　實驗四 繪制建筑平面圖練習 ··········································································································· 85
13-5　實驗五 繪制溢流壩斷面圖練習 ······································································································· 86
13-6　實驗六 繪制工程形體的三視圖練習 ······························································································· 87

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